Verbs in future tense - 1st person, plural
As I mentioned in a previous post, each verb in Hebrew depends on a number of factors and varies according to them.
The first factor: 1st, 2nd or 3rd person.
The second factor: singular / plural
The third factor: masculine / feminine
Today, we're going to talk about 1st person, plural. This applies to masculine and feminine forms.
"Normal" verbs, consisting of three root letters, will almost always fit the following formula:
Exercise
How do you say the verb in future tense, 1st person, plural?
שורש הפועל Root verb
1. ש.מ.ע
2. ק.ר.א
3. ל.מ.ד
4. ב.כ.ה
5. ש.ח.ה
6. ע.ל.ה
7. ש.ל.מ
8. ד.ב.ר
9. ט.פ.ל
10. ג.ר.ד (scratched)
11. פ.ר.ח (to bloom, usually about flowers but not only)
12. ב.ש.ל
13. צ.ל.מ
14. ש.י.ר
15. ש.ת.ה
16. נ.צ.ח
17. ש.ק.ר
18. ש.פ.ר (to improve someone or something)
19. ב.ע.ט (to kick)
20. צ.ר.ח
21. ל.ח.צ (to press)
22. ל.ח.ש (to whisper)
Now, some verbs (not many) have 4 root letters. In that case, we will use the formula by adding all 4 root letters.
ש.ק.ש.ק ---> נשקשק (We will rattle in fear / We will shake a drink)
כ.ד.ר.ר (to dribble)
ב.ל.ב.ל (to confuse)
ש.ח.ר.ר (to release)
ג.ל.ג.ל (to roll)
ק.ל.ק.ל (to spoil)
צ.ל.צ.ל (to call on the phone)
There are a few exceptions. We'll call them "abnormal forms".
1. Verbs beginning with the letter Yod ("י").
2. Verbs that need a "Vav" ("ו") before the last root letter.
3. Verbs that are in a reflexive derived stem (bin-yan hit-pa-el בניין התפעל)
4. Verbs that are in a different, active derived stem (bin-yan hif-il בניין הפעיל)
Now, let's see how each of these "abnormal forms" works.
1. In verbs that begin with the letter Yod (״י״), most of the time, we will delete the first letter (Yod) and use only the next two root letters.
Exercise
How do you say the following verbs in future tense, 1st person, plural?
שורש הפועל Root verb
1. י.ש.ב
2. י.צ.א
3. י.ד.ע
4. י.ר.ד
Some verbs that start with a "Yod" will keep the Yod.
5. י.ר.ש (to inherit money)
6. י.ש.נ
7. י.ר.ק
2. Verbs that need a "Vav" ("ו") before the last root letter.
Exercise
How do you say the following verbs in future tense, 1st person, plural?
1. ת.פ.ס
2. ג.נ.ב
3. ג.מ.ר
4. ל.ג.מ
5. ש.מ.ר
6. ר.ק.ד
7. כ.ת.ב
8. ר.ש.מ
9. פ.ת.ר
10. ע.ז.ר
11. ג.ל.ש
12. ש.ט.פ
13. נ.ש.מ
14. ח.ט.פ
15. ר.ד.פ
16. ק.ט.פ (to pluck a flower)
17. ע.ב.ר (to pass, to cross)
18. ק.פ.צ
19. ק.ש.ר (to tie up)
20. ד.ח.פ
21. ה.ר.ס
3. Verbs that are in a reflexive derived stem (bin-yan hit-pa-el בניין התפעל)
Exercise
How do you say the following verbs in future tense, 1st person, plural?
ל.ב.ש ---> נתלבש We will get dressed
ר.ג.ל (to get used to it / to practice)
ג.ב.ר (to get over)
ר.ג.ש (to feel excited)
ק.ר.ב (to get close to someone)
ק.ש.ר (to call on the phone)
ב.ל.ב.ל (to get confused)
ח.מ.מ (to get warm)
ק.ר.ר (to get cold)
פ.צ.ל (to split up)
ג.ל.ח (to shave)
פ.ל.ל (to pray)
And since we all love exceptions - here are a few verbs in bin-yan hit-pa-el that have their own rules :)
ש.פ.ר (to improve ourselves) ---> נתשפר ---> נשתפר
ש.מ.ש (to use) ---> נתשמש ---> נשתמש
צ.ל.מ (to take a photo) ---> נתצלם ---> נצטלם
ש.ג.ע (to become crazy) ---> נתשגע ---> נשתגע
ס.כ.ל (to look) ---> נתסכל ---> נסתכל
4. Verbs that are in a different, active derived stem (bin-yan hif-il בניין הפעיל)
Exercise
How do you say the following verbs in future tense, 1st person, plural?
ל.ב.ש ---> נלביש (We will dress (someone
ז.ה.ר ---> נזהיר We will warn (someone)
מ.ש.כ ---> נמשיך We will continue
ס.ב.ר
ש.מ.נ
נ.מ.כ
ג.ב.ר
ר.ב.צ (to beat, in a fight)
ג.ז.מ (to exaggerate)
ר.ג.ש
ק.ר.ב (to sacrifice)
Exercise
Describe the following images by using verbs in future tense, 1st person, plural.
For example:
We will drink coffee - אנחנו נשתה קפה - Anachnu nish-te ca-fe